1. 移除损坏的 545 包（不重启）

sudo apt remove -y nvidia-driver-545 nvidia-dkms-545 nvidia-kernel-source-545

2. 重新安装原驱动 535

sudo apt install -y nvidia-driver-535

3. 修复包状态

sudo dpkg –configure -a

4. 验证

nvidia-smi

✅ 应恢复显示: Driver Version: 535.288.01

LOG

    jhuang@WS-2290C:~/DATA/Data_Tam_DNAseq_2026_An6_BG5$ # 1. 移除损坏的 545 包（不重启）
    sudo apt remove -y nvidia-driver-545 nvidia-dkms-545 nvidia-kernel-source-545

    # 2. 重新安装原驱动 535
    sudo apt install -y nvidia-driver-535

    # 3. 修复包状态
    sudo dpkg --configure -a

    # 4. 验证
    nvidia-smi
    # ✅ 应恢复显示: Driver Version: 535.288.01
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree... Done
    Reading state information... Done
    The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
        dctrl-tools dkms libatomic1:i386 libdrm-amdgpu1:i386 libdrm-intel1:i386 libdrm-nouveau2:i386 libdrm-radeon1:i386 libdrm2:i386 libedit2:i386 libelf1:i386 libgl1:i386 libgl1-mesa-dri:i386
        libglapi-mesa:i386 libglvnd0:i386 libglx-mesa0:i386 libglx0:i386 libllvm15:i386 libnvidia-cfg1-545 libnvidia-common-545 libnvidia-compute-545:i386 libnvidia-decode-545
        libnvidia-decode-545:i386 libnvidia-egl-wayland1 libnvidia-egl-wayland1:i386 libnvidia-encode-545 libnvidia-encode-545:i386 libnvidia-extra-545 libnvidia-fbc1-545
        libnvidia-fbc1-545:i386 libnvidia-gl-545 libnvidia-gl-545:i386 libpciaccess0:i386 libsensors5:i386 libwayland-client0:i386 libwayland-server0:i386 libx11-xcb1:i386 libxcb-dri2-0:i386
        libxcb-dri3-0:i386 libxcb-glx0:i386 libxcb-present0:i386 libxcb-randr0:i386 libxcb-sync1:i386 libxcb-xfixes0:i386 libxshmfence1:i386 libxxf86vm1:i386 linux-headers-6.8.0-94-generic
        linux-hwe-6.8-headers-6.8.0-94 linux-hwe-6.8-tools-6.8.0-94 linux-image-6.8.0-94-generic linux-modules-6.8.0-94-generic linux-modules-extra-6.8.0-94-generic
        linux-objects-nvidia-535-6.8.0-94-generic linux-signatures-nvidia-6.8.0-94-generic linux-tools-6.8.0-94-generic nvidia-compute-utils-545 nvidia-firmware-535-535.288.01
        nvidia-firmware-545-545.29.06 nvidia-kernel-common-545 nvidia-settings nvidia-utils-545 screen-resolution-extra xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-545
    Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
    The following packages will be REMOVED:
        nvidia-dkms-545 nvidia-driver-545 nvidia-kernel-source-545
    0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 105 not upgraded.
    2 not fully installed or removed.
    After this operation, 75,4 MB disk space will be freed.
    (Reading database ... 645079 files and directories currently installed.)
    Removing nvidia-driver-545 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing nvidia-dkms-545 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing all DKMS Modules
    Done.
    INFO:Disable nvidia
    DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad
    DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here
    DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude
    update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
    Removing nvidia-kernel-source-545 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu13.5) ...
    update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.8.0-117-generic
    Error: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.systemd1.UnitMasked: Unit packagekit.service is masked.
    Reading package lists... Done
    Building dependency tree... Done
    Reading state information... Done
    The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
        linux-headers-6.8.0-94-generic linux-hwe-6.8-headers-6.8.0-94 linux-hwe-6.8-tools-6.8.0-94 linux-image-6.8.0-94-generic linux-modules-6.8.0-94-generic
        linux-modules-extra-6.8.0-94-generic linux-objects-nvidia-535-6.8.0-94-generic linux-signatures-nvidia-6.8.0-94-generic linux-tools-6.8.0-94-generic nvidia-firmware-535-535.288.01
        nvidia-firmware-545-545.29.06
    Use 'sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
    The following additional packages will be installed:
        libnvidia-cfg1-535 libnvidia-common-535 libnvidia-compute-535 libnvidia-compute-535:i386 libnvidia-decode-535 libnvidia-decode-535:i386 libnvidia-encode-535 libnvidia-encode-535:i386
        libnvidia-extra-535 libnvidia-fbc1-535 libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386 libnvidia-gl-535 libnvidia-gl-535:i386 nvidia-compute-utils-535 nvidia-dkms-535 nvidia-firmware-535-535.309.01
        nvidia-kernel-common-535 nvidia-kernel-source-535 nvidia-utils-535 xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-535
    The following packages will be REMOVED:
        libnvidia-cfg1-545 libnvidia-common-545 libnvidia-compute-545 libnvidia-compute-545:i386 libnvidia-decode-545 libnvidia-decode-545:i386 libnvidia-encode-545 libnvidia-encode-545:i386
        libnvidia-extra-545 libnvidia-fbc1-545 libnvidia-fbc1-545:i386 libnvidia-gl-545 libnvidia-gl-545:i386 nvidia-compute-utils-545 nvidia-kernel-common-545 nvidia-utils-545
        xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-545
    The following NEW packages will be installed:
        libnvidia-cfg1-535 libnvidia-common-535 libnvidia-compute-535 libnvidia-compute-535:i386 libnvidia-decode-535 libnvidia-decode-535:i386 libnvidia-encode-535 libnvidia-encode-535:i386
        libnvidia-extra-535 libnvidia-fbc1-535 libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386 libnvidia-gl-535 libnvidia-gl-535:i386 nvidia-compute-utils-535 nvidia-dkms-535 nvidia-driver-535
        nvidia-firmware-535-535.309.01 nvidia-kernel-common-535 nvidia-kernel-source-535 nvidia-utils-535 xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-535
    0 upgraded, 21 newly installed, 17 to remove and 105 not upgraded.
    Need to get 405 MB of archives.
    After this operation, 184 MB of additional disk space will be used.
    Get:1 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 libnvidia-cfg1-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [111 kB]
    Get:2 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 libnvidia-common-535 all 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [17,1 kB]
    Get:3 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted i386 libnvidia-compute-535 i386 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [40,7 MB]
    Get:4 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 libnvidia-compute-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [40,7 MB]
    Get:5 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted i386 libnvidia-decode-535 i386 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [2.216 kB]
    Get:6 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 libnvidia-decode-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [1.895 kB]
    Get:7 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 libnvidia-encode-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [99,5 kB]
    Get:8 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted i386 libnvidia-encode-535 i386 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [109 kB]
    Get:9 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 libnvidia-extra-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [74,0 kB]
    Get:10 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted i386 libnvidia-fbc1-535 i386 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [63,1 kB]
    Get:11 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 libnvidia-fbc1-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [57,6 kB]
    Get:12 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted i386 libnvidia-gl-535 i386 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [35,5 MB]
    Get:13 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 libnvidia-gl-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [195 MB]
    Get:14 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 nvidia-compute-utils-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [125 kB]
    Get:15 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 nvidia-kernel-source-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [45,3 MB]
    Get:16 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 nvidia-firmware-535-535.309.01 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [39,7 MB]
    Get:17 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 nvidia-kernel-common-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [212 kB]
    Get:18 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 nvidia-dkms-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [37,5 kB]
    Get:19 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 nvidia-utils-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [416 kB]
    Get:20 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [1.600 kB]
    Get:21 http://de.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu jammy-updates/restricted amd64 nvidia-driver-535 amd64 535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1 [490 kB]
    Fetched 405 MB in 4s (90,3 MB/s)            
    (Reading database ... 644518 files and directories currently installed.)
    Removing xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-545 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-cfg1-545:amd64 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-gl-545:amd64 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-gl-545:i386 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-common-545 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing nvidia-utils-545 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-encode-545:amd64 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-decode-545:amd64 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-encode-545:i386 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-decode-545:i386 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-compute-545:i386 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-extra-545:amd64 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-fbc1-545:i386 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing libnvidia-fbc1-545:amd64 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing nvidia-compute-utils-545 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Removing nvidia-kernel-common-545 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
    Removing libnvidia-compute-545:amd64 (545.29.06-0ubuntu0.22.04.2) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-cfg1-535:amd64.
    (Reading database ... 644334 files and directories currently installed.)
    Preparing to unpack .../00-libnvidia-cfg1-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-cfg1-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-common-535.
    Preparing to unpack .../01-libnvidia-common-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_all.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-common-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-compute-535:i386.
    Preparing to unpack .../02-libnvidia-compute-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-compute-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-compute-535:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../03-libnvidia-compute-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-compute-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-decode-535:i386.
    Preparing to unpack .../04-libnvidia-decode-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-decode-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-decode-535:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../05-libnvidia-decode-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-decode-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-encode-535:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../06-libnvidia-encode-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-encode-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-encode-535:i386.
    Preparing to unpack .../07-libnvidia-encode-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-encode-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-extra-535:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../08-libnvidia-extra-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-extra-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386.
    Preparing to unpack .../09-libnvidia-fbc1-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-fbc1-535:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../10-libnvidia-fbc1-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-fbc1-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-gl-535:amd64.
    Preparing to unpack .../11-libnvidia-gl-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-gl-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package libnvidia-gl-535:i386.
    Preparing to unpack .../12-libnvidia-gl-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_i386.deb ...
    Unpacking libnvidia-gl-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package nvidia-compute-utils-535.
    Preparing to unpack .../13-nvidia-compute-utils-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking nvidia-compute-utils-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package nvidia-kernel-source-535.
    Preparing to unpack .../14-nvidia-kernel-source-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking nvidia-kernel-source-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package nvidia-firmware-535-535.309.01.
    Preparing to unpack .../15-nvidia-firmware-535-535.309.01_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking nvidia-firmware-535-535.309.01 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package nvidia-kernel-common-535.
    Preparing to unpack .../16-nvidia-kernel-common-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking nvidia-kernel-common-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package nvidia-dkms-535.
    Preparing to unpack .../17-nvidia-dkms-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking nvidia-dkms-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package nvidia-utils-535.
    Preparing to unpack .../18-nvidia-utils-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking nvidia-utils-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-535.
    Preparing to unpack .../19-xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Selecting previously unselected package nvidia-driver-535.
    Preparing to unpack .../20-nvidia-driver-535_535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1_amd64.deb ...
    Unpacking nvidia-driver-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up nvidia-firmware-535-535.309.01 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-fbc1-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-fbc1-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up nvidia-kernel-common-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Installing new version of config file /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia-graphics-drivers-kms.conf ...
    update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
    update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.8.0-110-generic
    Setting up libnvidia-common-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-extra-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-cfg1-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up nvidia-kernel-source-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-gl-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-gl-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-compute-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-compute-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up nvidia-utils-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up nvidia-compute-utils-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Warning: The home dir /nonexistent you specified can't be accessed: No such file or directory
    Adding system user `nvidia-persistenced' (UID 129) ...
    Adding new group `nvidia-persistenced' (GID 137) ...
    Adding new user `nvidia-persistenced' (UID 129) with group `nvidia-persistenced' ...
    Not creating home directory `/nonexistent'.
    Setting up nvidia-dkms-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    update-initramfs: deferring update (trigger activated)
    update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.8.0-110-generic
    INFO:Enable nvidia
    DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/lenovo_thinkpad
    DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/put_your_quirks_here
    DEBUG:Parsing /usr/share/ubuntu-drivers-common/quirks/dell_latitude
    Loading new nvidia-535.309.01 DKMS files...
    Building for 6.8.0-110-generic 6.8.0-117-generic
    Building for architecture x86_64
    Building initial module for 6.8.0-110-generic
    Secure Boot not enabled on this system.
    Done.

    nvidia.ko:
    Running module version sanity check.
     - Original module
         - No original module exists within this kernel
     - Installation
         - Installing to /lib/modules/6.8.0-110-generic/updates/dkms/

    nvidia-modeset.ko:
    Running module version sanity check.
     - Original module
         - No original module exists within this kernel
     - Installation
         - Installing to /lib/modules/6.8.0-110-generic/updates/dkms/

    nvidia-drm.ko:
    Running module version sanity check.
     - Original module
         - No original module exists within this kernel
     - Installation
         - Installing to /lib/modules/6.8.0-110-generic/updates/dkms/

    nvidia-uvm.ko:
    Running module version sanity check.
     - Original module
         - No original module exists within this kernel
     - Installation
         - Installing to /lib/modules/6.8.0-110-generic/updates/dkms/

    nvidia-peermem.ko:
    Running module version sanity check.
     - Original module
         - No original module exists within this kernel
     - Installation
         - Installing to /lib/modules/6.8.0-110-generic/updates/dkms/

    depmod...
    Module build for kernel 6.8.0-117-generic was skipped since the
    kernel headers for this kernel does not seem to be installed.
    Setting up libnvidia-decode-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-decode-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up xserver-xorg-video-nvidia-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-encode-535:amd64 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up libnvidia-encode-535:i386 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Setting up nvidia-driver-535 (535.309.01-0ubuntu0.22.04.1) ...
    Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.35-0ubuntu3.13) ...
    Processing triggers for man-db (2.10.2-1) ...
    Processing triggers for initramfs-tools (0.140ubuntu13.5) ...
    update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-6.8.0-117-generic
    Error: GDBus.Error:org.freedesktop.systemd1.UnitMasked: Unit packagekit.service is masked.
    Failed to initialize NVML: Driver/library version mismatch
    NVML library version: 535.309